NEW YORK -- Amazon and eBay should watch their backs.
As Chinese e-commerce powerhouse Alibaba readies what could be the biggest initial public offering ever on the New York Stock Exchange, it is quietly hinting at plans to expand into the U.S. The company controls nearly 80 per cent of all e-commerce in China, and founder and chairman Jack Ma has ambitions that go beyond the country's borders.
Earlier this week, at a Hong Kong stop on Alibaba's global tour to meet with potential investors, Ma surprised a pack of reporters, camped out in the lobby of the Ritz-Carlton hotel in Kowloon, with the clearest indication yet of his vision for growth.
"Speaking for Alibaba, we hope to become a global company, so after we go public in the U.S., we will expand strongly in Europe and America," he said. "At the same time we won't abandon Asia, because after all we're not a company from China, we are an Internet company that happens to be in China."
Potential investors are enticed by Alibaba's surging growth. Its revenue jumped 46 per cent, to $2.54 billion, during the quarter that ended in June. And in the three month period before that, the company's revenue surged 39 per cent, posting its slowest rate in six years. The immense investor interest could result in the initial public offering raising more than $24 billion, making it the biggest ever.
Alibaba's formula for success in China is relatively simple: It offers services to sellers and buyers who are part of a growing middle class and serves big cities as well as remote regions, where people don't have access to many brick-and-mortar retail stores.
The company operates two e-commerce platforms in China, Tmall and Taobao. It also runs its first site, Alibaba.com, a wholesale venue that functions similar to eBay in that it provides an online ecosystem for third parties to sell goods, rather than selling products itself. The company makes the bulk of its money from online marketing services, commissions on transactions and fees for online services.
While the specifics of Alibaba's U.S. expansion are unclear, the company's recent stateside investments may offer clues. In March, it invested $217 million in messaging app Tango, taking a 20 per cent stake in the company. The same month, it took a 39 per cent stake in online shopping platform ShopRunner Inc. for $202 million. In April, Alibaba joined several companies and investment groups in giving U.S. ride-sharing service Lyft a $250 million cash infusion.
And in July, Alibaba took a 10 per cent stake of video game publisher Kabam for $120 million. In addition to these outlays, the company has made several smaller investments in U.S. tech startups in recent years.
Meanwhile, Alibaba launched 11Main.com, an online marketplace that seeks to connect U.S. shoppers with owners of specialty shops and boutiques, in June.
Although Alibaba is primarily focused on increasing market share within China, Forrester analyst Kelland Willis believes "they obviously do have their eye on the U.S. (and the investments are) a way to maybe test the waters (and see) what the market looks like here," she said.
Willis said many of Alibaba's strategic moves seem to be aimed at amassing consumer data to better tailor e-commerce offerings.
For Amazon and eBay, which command about 20 per cent and 10 per cent of U.S. e-commerce, respectively, the threat is far from immediate. If Alibaba is planning a full-scale e-commerce expansion into the U.S. market, it will take a while for the company to become an established player.
"Short of a major acquisition, it would take years for any business, let alone Alibaba, to come into the U.S. and compete with Amazon and eBay today," Willis said. "It's a very mature market and it's not easy to compete in mature markets because growth rates are slower and shopping habits are set."
Still, most experts believe Alibaba's U.S. invasion is a forgone conclusion.
"Eventually a large company like this is not going to limit itself to just emerging markets," said Reena Aggarwal, a finance professor at Georgetown University. "I would think they have very ambitious global plans."
Kelvin K. Chan reported on this story from Hong Kong.
